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Tour 11/16: The Road to the Isles
'Oh cruel is the snow, that raves Glencoe
And covers the grave of Macdonald;
And cruel was the foe, that raved Glencoe
And murdered the house of Macdonald'
Chorus, The Ballad of Glencoe, ©1963 Jim McLean. |
Road to the Isles
Main Map |
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From the Cairngorm, one heads west to the very centre of Scotland - indeed, a house in Laggan has a stone outside proclaiming the
fact.
From here, old cattle droving tracks head from the north and west Highlands to
the sites of the old cattle markets in the south and east - the 'Road to the
Isles' being not one particular trail, but any of these old
droving roads which heads west. These were also known as 'thieves roads'
for the cattle raiding West Highland clans, especially the Lochaber Camerons,
would use them to raid the eastern clans. Naturally the 'thieves roads' tended
to take the wilder passes and the less populated country than the main drove
roads, routes which today give the strong walker magnificent going in wild
country, the roadless hinterland around Ben Alder and Rannoch Moor. One does
not need to worry these days about theives and bandits; just midges, rain, and ghosts.
At the western end of the moor the road turns a bend and the wonderful sight of a pyramid shaped mountain hoves dramatically into view. This is the
Buachaille Etive Mor, acting as a sentinel to the entrance to Glencoe, one of
the most scenic parts of Scotland. Glencoe is famous for its steep scenery, its
great hillwalking and rock climbing, and its massacre, which was not especially
bloody but remains infamous for the treachery involved. Not only did the king in 1690 order some of his own subjects to be killed
without trial as an example to other highland clans to 'behave,' the soldiers -
commanded by a Campbell - who undertook the dark deed stayed as guests in their
victims houses for over a week, eating their food and enjoying their
hospitality. It was this which rankled the most with highlanders; hospitality
was a sacred duty and privilege in a country with long distances, few inns, and
frequent fighting. Feuding clansmen would lay down their arms and there would
be peace between guest and host until the guest left - in theory at least. A
hotel in Glencoe still shows the sign 'No Hawkers (gypsies) or Campbells'.
The beauty of the country here is perhaps not as great as that further north,
although most would disagree; and Glencoe being only an hour and a half's drive
from Glasgow, it is very popular with walkers and climbers. Fast flowing, rapid
rivers like the Orchy, Etive and Nevis are popular with canoeists and many
outdoor sports addicts from southern parts move to this area, despite the lack
of jobs - indeed just north of Glencoe lies Fort William, which with its
mountains, rivers, lochs, long distance trails, skiing and forest tracks bills
itself as the 'outdoor capital of Britain'. Right next to Fort William is Ben
Nevis, Britian's highest point at 4416ft (1346m). From the south, or from the
tourist track up Ben Nevis, this hill appears to be a massive but dull lump -
but from the north, the 2000ft high cliffs of the northeast face are revealed.
My personal favourite route to the summit of Ben Nevis starts from Glen Nevis,
and heads up the gorge after the road end to the Steall flats and the beautiful
Steall waterfall. Another mile up the glen, turn north up a steep stream full
of little waterfalls and rockpools to reach a hanging valley. By now you have
climbed 700m, but there is still another 700m to go to the summit. A huge
curtain wall, the Carn Mor Dearg arete, looms above, with the summit even
higher poking up from behind. One starts to appreciate the vertical scale of
Glen Nevis, which is a shade greater than anywhere else in Britain (if rather
small compared to many other countries in the world). At the top of the
hanging glen, one heads up a steep ridge to Carn Mor Dearg, with a grandstand
view of the cliffs of Ben Nevis, and then along the narrow arete to the final pull to the summit. And then you are there - the highest point in Britain, with
a huge panorama all round. Skye, the Cairngorms, Glencoe, and even Ireland are
all visible on a clear day. One should really have a bit of hillwalking
experience before undertaking this route, however - the route is pathless after
Steall, Ben Nevis receives 4metres of rain a year, is cloud free for only 1/3
of the time and has a treacherous cliff to the south for those who unwittingly
stray off the tourist route on the way down in winter.
From Ben Nevis, one heads west to increasingly attractive scenery. The hills
become rougher and more complicated, the coast is indented by steepsided,
narrow sealochs, and the islands of the Hebrides reveal themselves. This area
features strongly in the Jacobite history of the country, for it was here that
Bonnie Prince Charlie landed in 1745 and first raised an army to march on
London and reclaim the crown for the deposed Stuart dynasty - and it was here
he left the country; alive but broken, leaving behind the highlands to their fate.
One does not have to have an eye on history, however. One can simply enjoy the
scenery. The whole coast near Mallaig provides a great outlook to the
mountainous islands of Rum, Skye, and Eigg, and from the hills along the coast,
most notably Rois Bheinn, the panoramas are superb. One is at the end of the
'Road to the Isles,' and one can look forward with anticipation to the
Hebrides, the jewels in Scotland's scenic crown. |
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 Autumn in the Blackmount |
 Coire Ba on Rannoch Moor |
 Mountains across Rannoch Moor |
 Buachaille Etive Mor |
 Glencoe |
 Glencoe is a paradise for scramblers |
 Glencoe from Bidean nam Bian |
 Gorge below Ben Nevis |
 Ben Nevis from Aonach Mor |
 The 600m high cliffs of Ben Nevis in spring |
 Carn Mor Dearg Arete |
 Prehistoric standing stone at Onich |
 Romantic ruined Castle Tioram on its tidal island |
 Commando Memorial, Spean Bridge |
 Jacobite memorial at Glenfinnan |
 The islands of Loch Morar |
 Kingshouse Hotel |
 Arisaig Boat |
 Rum from Arisaig - the end of the road |
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Strathspey MAIN MAP Skye
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The Centre of Scotland? When one considers Scotland's islands however, on is surprised to find that between Shetland in the north and east, Galloway to the south, and St Kilda to the west, the centre of Scotland is in Glen Douchray, just east of Ullapool. Even more surprisingly, the centre of the UK, when one takes into account England and the Channel Islands, is in Tweedsmuir in the Scottish Borders. (The centre of the main island of Britain is at Kirkby Lonsdale, just south of the Lake District - something of a shock to those who view everything north of London as 'the north'). (back) |
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Tales of Rannoch: Like the cairngorms, Rannoch Moor is full of ghosts. The Cu Saeng, a monster so horrible that anyone who saw it died instantly, flitted about these hillsides, as did witches who could turn themselves into animals and became vampires when they were killed. It strikes me that stories like these are told all round the world by mothers keen to keep their children away from dangerous places, and Rannoch Moor is inhospitable enough without the bandits and exiled clansmen who hid out in Rannoch in renaissance and later times. Unlike other moors in Britain, Rannoch is not itself an elevated plateau, but is a bowl surrounded by higher hills. All the rain running off the hills collects in Rannoch and it is a huge, quivering, loch studded bog. A road skirts its western edge and a railway runs through the middle, floating on brushwood rafts for part of the way - a triumph of Victorian engineering, and a scenic tourist route today. (back) |
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The Jacobites: In the 17th and 18th century the highlands were viewed by central government as a problem. The rest of Britain was under the rule of commerce and the king, cities had grown up and roads had been built - but in the Highlands ordinary men still carried weapons, spoke a different language, and did their own thing, including cattle raids on the lowlands. The Highlanders were treated by governments as second class citizens as they were afraid of a group of people who were not under direct control. Many Highland Chiefs did not like the Hanoverian kings, and thought that if they helped the Stuarts (who had been deposed by the government) back onto the throne the Stuarts would be grateful and help them out. The first rising in 1715 for Prince Charles' grandfather - though potentially better supported - was unsuccessful. When Charlie came he had less support in the Highlands than his grandfather had had, and virtually none at all in the rest of Scotland and England - in fact, in the 30 years since 1715, the rest of Britain had grown used to the Hanoverian king - so Charlie's cause was a lost one from the start. But he was more successful with his small army of only a few clans, and invaded England as far as Derby. By then it was obvious that the support of the people in England was nonexistant - and without this support he could not possibly hope to stay king. The decision was made to turn back, and the long retreat to Culloden and defeat in the winter of 1746. Charlie spent the rest of the year flitting about the Highlands and Islands, always staying one step ahead of the British army, and looking out for the ship which eventually took him to France and safety. The Highlands did not escape however. The government decided that it could not risk another rising, and Highlanders were stripped of their weapons, banned from wearing tartan, even banned from playing bagpipes. Even clans who had not supported the Stuarts were caught up in the general purge and massacres which followed. The Highlands were broken, and never again regained the pride and independent spirit they once had. Roads and forts were built all over the Highlands, clansmen were recruited into the British Army (to become its best soldiers), and the old way of life was over. People had been emigrating from the Highlands since the start of the 18th century, lured by opportunities offered abroad and in the New World, but now the rate of emigration increased exponentially, as clan chiefs, more interested now in profit and southern courts than their own people, forced people off the land to make way for more profitable sheep and sporting estates. Calvanist ministers followed the clearances, preaching damnation and doom to squeeze the life and spirit from the people who remained. The Highlands, once well populated with a vibrant Gaelic culture, became the barren empty land it is today - a great land for walking and wilderness pursuits, but one where every stone can tell a story. In the last 20 years, an upturn in Gaelic culture has been noted - but it will be a long, slow journey to reach the heights it once held.
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